Indo-pak history

 

Viceroys in India from 1858 to 1947

Viceroy	Tenure	Achievement
Lord Canning	1858-1862	Abolished doctrine of lapse
Lord Elgin	1862 – 1863	Wahabi Movement
Lord Lawrence	1864 – 1869	Establishment of High court in Calcutta, Madras during his reign. Anglo-Bhutanese war
Lord Mayo	1869 – 1872	Financial Distribution between centre and state introduced for the first time First Census in 1872 Mayo College for the royal elite was set up Lord Mayo was the only Governor-General who was killed in India. He was killed by Sher Ali Afridi in Port Blair Establishment of Statistical Survey of India
Lord Northbrook	1872 – 1876	Civil Marriage and Arya Samaj marriage introduced Universal Marriage Act introduced in 1872 Intercaste Marriage allowed Kuka Movement in Punjab
Lord Lytton	1876 – 1880	Vernacular Press Act, 1878 Arms Act, 1878 Nationalist view – Due to High rate of taxation purchasing power had reduced. Government view – Drought is natural phenomena due to which people became poor Ignored severe famine and organized durbar. Proclaimed Queen Victoria “The Empress of India” Abolished tax on cotton for British traders Maximum age to take up civil services exam lowered from 21 to 19
Lord Ripon	1880 – 1884	Was the most loved Governor-General Repealed the controversial Arms and Vernacular press act Set up Local self-governments – Panchayats and Municipal Boards due to which he was known as Father of Self Government 2 new universities opened – Punjab University 1884, Allahabad University 1887 Illbert Bill – Indian judge cannot try English Judge Appointment of Hunter Commission
Lord Dufferin	1884 – 1888	III Anglo-­‐Burmese war (1885-­‐1886) Indian National Congress was founded in 1885
Lord Lansdowne	1888 – 1894	Indian Councils Act, 1892 (Indirect election was introduced for the first time) Factory Act, 1891
Lord Elgin II	1894 – 1899	First British Officer called Rands was killed. He was killed by Chapekar (Ramkrishna & Damodar) Brothers. This was the first political murder.
Lord Curzon	1899 – 1905	Indian Universities act – to control Indian Universities Raleigh Commission Partition of Bengal Curzon-Kitchener controversy
Lord Minto II	1905 – 1910	Morley – Minto reforms
Lord Hardinge II	1910 – 1916	Mesopotamian Campaign Transfer of Capital from Calcutta to Delhi Hindu Mahasabha was established by Madan Mohan Malaviya
Lord Chelmsford	1916 – 1921	Home Rule League Movements Rowlatt Act was passed Montague – Chelmsford reform was passed
Lord Reading	1921 – 1926	Swaraj Party was formed Chauri – Chaura incident took place
Lord Irwin	1926 – 1931	Launch of civil disobedience movement and Dandi march First round table conference was held
Lord Willingdon	1931 – 1936	Second & Third Round Table Conference Poona pact was signed Communal award was started
Lord Linlithgow	1936 – 1944	Cripps Mission Quit India movement
Lord Wavell	1944 – 1947	CR Formula 1944 Launch of Direct Action day Wavell Plan & Shimla conference
Lord Mountbatten	1947-48	June 3rd Plan Last Viceroy and First Governor-General of free India